The Flashlight Junkie

solar dynamo radio light

Solar Dynamo Radio, Cell Phone Charger and Light(Pack of 1) $64.99 Solar Dynamo Flashlight with FM Radio. Cell phone plugs and USB attachments for dynamo charging. Also includes Siren with blinking light

AM/FM Solar Dynamo Radio with Flashlight $45 Product Overview: Converts solar energy to power the AM/FM radio and flashlight Solar Dynamo Radio uses a crank for power when the sun in not out Alternate Never Be Left Out in the Dark Again! Be Prepared for the Next Blackout Instead of being helpless if the power goes out, be prepared with the Solar Dynamo Radio: a 3-in-1 solar powered, battery powered, and hand crank powered flashlight and radio. With the AM/FM Solar Dynamo Radio with Flashlight, you can maintain a light source and radio - even if the power is out. Unit has a hand generator when solar power is not available, or use 2 "AA" batteries. Key Benefits: Have a source of light and radio without depending on electricity 3-in-1 solar, hand crank, and battery powered device for any situation Doubles as a AM/FM radio for emergency broadcasts or to pass the time while waiting for help to arrive Includes connectors for cell phones. Also has 3 Super Bright LED lights and Red Flasher with Siren. Also takes AA batteries Popular Uses: Be prepared for the next blackout and never get left in the dark again The solar dynamo radio is great for camping or hiking Keep the solar dynamo radio in you car in case of an emergency Includes: AM/FM Solar Dynamo Radio with Flashlight

Case of 30 Solar Dynamo Radio Flashlight-Charger(Pack of 30) $56.99 Case of 30 Solar, Dynamo, FM Radio with Flashlight. Has USB plugs and Cell phone adapters. Also has blinking light with Siren

Sonnet FSH250 Solar Dynamo Flashlight Radio Siren $43.74 Converts sun light to electric power or use the crank operated dynamo to charge the nicad batteries and power the AMFM radio big head lantern multicolor emergency flasher and siren. It provides insurance against the inevitable sporadic power failure.

Streetwise FSH250 Dynamo or Solar Radio Flashlight $40.3 With the Dynamo or Solar Radio Flashlight you will never have to worry about dead batteries during a power outage. Although this combination radio and flashlight cannbsp;usenbsp;regular batteries they are not necessary. It can be powered by turning a foldaway hand crank or it can use sunlight to generate power. It performs three separate functions and is ideal for both indoor and outdoor use. The flashlight will allow you to see clearly outdoors at night or during a power outage. In an emergency the siren and flashing light can be used to summon help. The AM/FM radio with builtin speaker and telescopic antenna provides great reception for listening to your favorite music or to official broadcasts during an emergency.nbsp;Can also be powered bynbsp;two AA batteries (not included). Dimensions are L 9 x H 6 x Wnbsp;2 3/4 .

Eton Corp. NFR160WXB Solar Dynamo Powered Radio Blk $50.79 Solar/ Dynamo powered AM/FM/Weather band radio; NOAA Weather band LED flashlight Solar and crank power sources USB cell phone charger no batteries needed / Black.

Eton Corp. NFR160WXBL Solar Dynamo Powered Radio Blu $50.79 Solar/ Dynamo powered AM/FM/Weather band radio; NOAA Weather band LED flashlight Solar and crank power sources USB cell phone charger no batteries needed / Blue.

Eton Corp. NFR160WXGR Solar Dynamo Powered Radio Grn $50.79 Solar/ Dynamo powered AM/FM/Weather band radio; NOAA Weather band LED flashlight Solar and crank power sources USB cell phone charger no batteries needed / Green.

Eton Corp. NFR160WXR Solar Dynamo Powered Radio Red $50.79 Solar/ Dynamo powered AM/FM/Weather band radio; NOAA Weather band LED flashlight Solar and crank power sources USB cell phone charger no batteries needed / Red.

SOLAR-RADIO MIR DYNAMO-FUNKTION $29.95 Ein ganz besonderes Radio! Das BRESSER SolarRadio mit integrierter Taschenlampe und Kurbeldynamo. Genießen Sie Ihren Lieblingssender wann und wo Sie wollen! Ein zusätzlicher Anschluss ermöglicht das Aufladen von mobilen Geräten.

Solar Dynamo AM/FM Radio Handy Tourch/Siren with Mobile Phone Charger $22.28 Multifunction Solar Charger! Ideal equipment for camping and hiking lovers! AM FM Radio,Built-in Thermometer,LED Handy Torch,Siren Light. You also can use it as a Cell Phone Charger!Functions:AM FM RadioBuilt-in ThermometerLED Handy TorchSiren Light3.5MM Earphone Jack3 ways of recharging DC Power Recharging, Hand Crank Recharging, Solar Power Recharging can be selectedMobile Phone recharge jack(Only through USB cable to recharge)Specification:Frequency Range: AM 530-1600KHz & FM 88-108MHzPower Requirement: DC3VRechargeable battery: Ni-Card 2.4V 500mAhDry cell: DC3V(UM-1 X2)Solar cell and panel output: 3.8V 55mAHandle generator output: 3V 450mAMobile recharging output:4.2V 350mAExternal power:4.5V 300mAThermometer 0 degF to +120 degFPower Out: 300mWSpeaker: 0.5WExternal Earphone: 3.5mmDimension: 242 x 118x 83mmWeight: 553g

Solar Power + Hand Cranked Dynamo Survival 2-Mode Siren Flashlight with FM Radio and Phone Charger $16.99 - Recharged by solar power panel or by hand crank handle- Build-in 300mAh capacity (could be used about 10 hours after 3~5 hours fully charging)- Hand crank 1 minute can lasts light up for 10 minutes- 3 bright white LED emitters with 2-Mode (stand light up and blinking)- Siren function included (LED flashing when turn on siren)- Built-in FM radio 76~108MHz- Recharges cell phones, comes with Nokia cell phone charging connectorSpecificationsDimensions: 6.89 in x 3.27 in x 3.86 inWeight: 12.84 oz

Eton Corp. ARCFR160WXR Solar AM/FM/Weather Band Radio $50.79 American Red Cross MicroLink FR160 SelfPowered AM/FM/NOAA Weather Radio with Flashlight Solar Power and Cell Phone Charger... AM (5201710 KHz) FM (87108MHz); NOAA weatherband all 7 channels; Builtin 3 white LED light source; Powered by solar or dynamo both of which charge internal NiMH battery; USB cell phone charger (USB cable not included); Earphone jack 3.5 mm socket.

Crank Dynamo Solar Flashlight Radio XLN-811 $15.37 4 LED lampsFM radioCan charge different mobile phoneCharged by cranking the handleSize: 180*75*55 mm

Quake Kare 6N ER Solar And Dynamo Generator AmFm Radio#44; Led Light With Strobe And Universal Mobile Phone Charger#44; Emergency Siren#44; Glows In The Dark $47.93 This ER AM/FM radio with superbright 3 LED flashlight never needs batteries. You can always rely on it to work for you. It is recharged through solar power the hand crank dynamo or the DC6V jack which accepts power from USB wall or car charger. Included is a red flashing strobe light for emergency signaling purposes and a siren to signal for help as well as a universal built in cell phone charger to help you communicate with loved ones during an emergency. Frequency/Reception: FM 88108MHz AM 5251650 KHz. Dimensions: 7.75 x 3.5 x 4.25 . Power Source: Solar. Dynamo HandCrank Generator. DC6V Jack which accepts power from USB wall or car charger. Battery Life: 300 mAh NickelCadmium battery. 3 LED Flashlight works up to 12 hours when fully charged. Cranking the Charging Handle for 1 minute at 2 turns per second provides 20 minutes of usage. Light Source: Flashlight 3 white LEDs with 100 000 hour life span Strobe 2 red LEDs with 100 000 hour life span. Disaster Usage: Earthquakes hurricanes tornados tsunamis winter storms floods. 3 LED White Super bright Flashlight. 2 Red LED Strobe / Blinking Light. Siren. Charges cell phones using included Universal Mobile Phone Charging Socket. Recharges from 5 different sources. Requires no batteries or electrical plugins for reduced environmental impact. Glowinthedark trim. Instructions: Cranking the Charging Handle for 1 minute at 2 turns per second provides up to 20 minutes of usage. Place in natural or artificial light source to charge via solar pane.

Hand-Winding Charge Solar Flashlight Radio XLN-284 $17.3 Use 7pcs super bright LEDs as the light source, no need to change the lamps.Blink & siren functions are suitable for emergent cases.AM/FM radio,with clear loud speaker.Can charge different mobilephone.Solar panel on top, as the backup power source.Cranking dynamo for charging cellphone&inner battery.Unit specification:Range of radio: FM 76MHz-108MHz 88MHz-108MHz Speaker voltage: 0.25WLight life: >10 thousand hoursSolar battery power: ≥0.24WSize: 260*80*70 mm

Solar Power + Hand Cranked Dynamo Survival Flashlight with FM Radio and Phone Charger $29.13 This is Solar Power + Hand Cranked Dynamo Survival Flashlight with FM Radio and Phone Charger. It is recharged by solar power panel or by hand crank handle. No batteries are required. There are 4 bright white LED emitters, and with a built-in FM radio 88~108MHz. It can recharges cell phones, comes with Samsung/Siemens/Sony Ericsson/Nokia/Motorola cell phone charging connectors (see pictures for compatibility with your phones).

Sensor Networks of Next-Generation using Energy Harvesting and Ultra-Low-Power Wireless

Sensor Networks of Next-Generation using Energy Harvesting and Ultra-Low-Power Wireless                                                                                                                                  

U.SURESH KUMAR*

* Professor/HOD in electrical electronics department

MOHAMED SATHAK ENGINEERING COLLEGE,KILAKKARAI,T.N,INDIA

                                                                                                           E mail uskrk@sify.com         

Abstract

Power consumption is a central design consideration for wireless sensor networks whether they are powered using batteries or energy harvesters. Vital to success for either approach, however, is the need for hardware that uses power intelligently.

 Intructions

Many of today's wireless sensor network solutions solve only the wiring problem in sensor applications—they successfully make these networks easier to install and simpler to configure. Most wireless sensor networks are powered from batteries that require regular changing and/or recharging but, since battery life is inherently limited, this can create a maintenance problem, especially for larger networks. Using an ultra-low-power wireless network enables the development of devices that can run for decades using only a small watch-cell battery.

Another option is to power these wireless sensor networks using energy harvesting—converting so-called waste energy within the environment into electricity—thereby slashing the time and money required to charge, replace, and reset battery systems. Eliminating the need for batteries also reduces the networks' environmental impact.

Key words : Energy Harvesting ,Ultra-Low-Power Networks, microcontroller (MCU), Piezoelectric devices. Peltier devices.

Ultra-Low-Power Networks
Current consumption (in milliamps) and duty cycling are important in wireless sensor networks. However, minimizing current consumption is only part of the solution. Several essential issues are key to developing low-power wireless sensor applications—efficiently harvesting, converting, and storing the energy as well as using available energy in the most efficient way, without compromising performance (range, data rate, latency, and/or standards compliance)—but it all starts with an ultra-low-power transceiver radio chip.

This chip usually works in combination with a microcontroller (MCU), which manages the transceiver; switching it on, making it listen, transmit, wait for or receive acknowledge signals, or re-transmit, all in accordance to the communications protocol being used. Handling the transceiver's communication protocol activities, such as listening to whether the medium is free or waiting for an acknowledgement that a transmission has been received, requires the MCU to be awake the entire time and therefore consuming power. With a communication controller, the transceiver can transmit and receive the data independently from the MCU so that the MCU is only awake and in use when further data processing is needed. By using a communication controller-centric chip design (Figure 1) rather than a microcontroller-centric design, and by using synchronized wake-ups, it is possible to reduce overall power consumption by 65% or more by eliminating the use of the MCU for the transceiver management functions.

Figure 1. GreenPeak's communication-controller-centric architecture vs.  a traditional microcontroller-centric approach. Most transceiver solutions require that the MCU be switched on the whole time during the transmission of a package. By using a communication controller, the MCU is only required to process the data to be transmitted or received  (Click image for larger version)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Figure 1. GreenPeak's communication-controller-centric architecture vs.  a traditional microcontroller-centric approach. Most transceiver solutions require that the MCU be switched on the whole time during the transmission of a package. By using a communication controller, the MCU is only required to process the data to be transmitted or received  (Click image for larger version)

A hardware-based scheduler and synchronizer within the chip itself enables the radio to wake up as needed to check whether there are any data that need to be sent or received. If not, it goes back to sleep. If there are data to be sent or received, the controller wakes up the MCU. The MCU communicates the information at the system level and then goes back to sleep until its next scheduled wake up time. Depending on the application, 9,999 times out of 10,000 there is no message to be sent or received and the controller does not need to energize the MCU. Every time data are sent, the communication controller also transmits a synchronization message to ensure that all the wireless nodes stay together on the next duty cycle.

Figure 2 shows how, by letting the communications controller decide when to wake up and check for messages, it is possible to greatly reduce overall energy consumption. Governed by the scheduler and synchronizer components inside the communication controller, the system wakes up for a brief moment to check to see if there are any messages and then goes back to sleep.

 
Figure 2. By letting the microprocessor sleep until it is needed, it is possible to save >65% of energy usage as compared to the typical always-on transceiver

If you multiply the power savings for this individual node to a wireless network of hundreds of nodes, then the entire network will be able to operate using far less power than required for a traditional microprocessor-based network.

Energy Harvesting Solutions: Bursters vs. Tricklers
In the last decade, we have seen an explosion in research efforts to use a variety of energy sources to supply autonomous sensors. The industrial market has recognized that energy harvesters can replace batteries in numerous applications and promise to guarantee true, maintenance-free wireless sensor networks.

Energy harvesting devices can usually be divided in to two general categories: the "bursters" and the "tricklers." A burster produces a short but strong spike of energy, while a trickler usually behaves as a power source with a weak but steady output (Figure 3). For all current energy harvesting devices, energy storage of some sort—whether it is in the form of a super-capacitor or a thin-film battery—is required. From an electronics perspective, this distinction is important as the adaption circuitry is different for each. In the case of bursters, the adaptive circuitry must be able to react fast, resist over-supply, and be able to burn off excess energy without creating a heat problem. For tricklers, the adaptive circuitry needs to be very efficient in terms of conversion and storage.

 
Figure 3. Harvested power characteristics of a  burster  (red) and trickler (blue) showing the variation of available energy with time

Dynamo or microgenerator. The most common energy burster is the dynamo or microgenerator. It is a miniature AC generator in which motion is used to create energy instead of energy being used to create motion. Operating in an industrial environment, it converts kinetic energy from the vibration of equipment running at mains frequency (50 or 60 Hz) into electrical energy. Used to power a wireless sensor network, it allows operators to continually monitor plant equipment, providing valuable data about the condition of equipment including pumps, motors, and fans. Pilot projects currently underway combine energy harvesting with condition monitoring technology to check the state of health of electrical machinery.

Piezoelectric devices. Another energy burster is the piezo element, where energy is created from mechanical torsion of a piezoelectric material, which produces an electrical charge in response to an applied physical stress. Options here are piezoelectric ceramics, macrofiber composites, and bimorph actuators, all of which can produce an electrical change of a few hundred volts over a very short period of time. A mass is attached to the free end of a beam of the piezoelectric material. Vibration causes the mass to move up and down, flexing the material, and inducing a voltage across the material in response. Piezo elements can be sensitive to wear and tear.

Solar cells. The most well-known energy trickler is the solar cell. Certain varieties of solar cells can extract energy from the limited light that is available indoors. To be usable for sense and control networks, the energy must be stored and the usage of the energy controlled. A task (e.g., transmission of a data packet) is only started when there is enough energy to finish it (e.g., receive the data receipt acknowledgement). Solar cells have a big advantage: they are relatively cheap but they only work when there is light, which presents a problem as most networks need to be reliable, independent from lighting conditions, and function 24/7. Solar cells are the only energy harvesters that are already being produced in sufficiently high volumes and at sufficiently low cost for use in sense and control networks. However, small batteries are still needed to store power for times when the network must operate but no light is available.

Peltier devices. Another trickler energy harvester is a Peltier element that uses temperature differences as its energy source of choice, e.g., a wall of a house, where the outside temperature differs from that of the inside. Usually a temperature difference of 5°C gives enough usable energy to accumulate for consumption. Unfortunately, the dependability of Peltier elements is limited because temperature differences usually cannot be controlled.

Inherent Challenges of Using Energy Harvesting
There is plenty of power in the environment and there are multiple options available to tap into this in order to power autonomous sensors. However, at this moment, there is no one single solution for all applications—each power system needs to be customized to its specific application and also, it may require simultaneous use of two or more energy harvesting technologies. To choose between tricklers or bursters, the designer needs to examine which energy harvesting technology will be the most effective in his or her particular application and provide the optimum ROI.

Conclution

Using energy harvesting to create a truly autonomous sensor network and system is still quite expensive. But every day, as the technologies improve and the costs of the energy harvesters drop, the reality of "No Batteries Needed" is coming closer. In the meantime, reliable ultra-low-power networks that can operate off of a single cell battery for the life of the device are already rolling out.

 

Refence

1.Central for energy harvesting materialsand systems

2. Energy harvesting

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

3.www.idtechex.com/energy

4, Energy Harvesting and Storage for Electronic Devices 2009-2019 by Dr Peter Harrop and Raghu Das

 

About the Author

i have 10 yrs experience in teaching and 2 yrs experienced in industrial presently working as professor cum hod of the institution of mohamed sathak engg college kikakarai, tamil nadu india Already i have published in this article